"Lub hnub ci zog dhau los ua vaj ntxwv ntawm hluav taws xob," tshaj tawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob Thoob Ntiaj Teb hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 2020.IEA cov kws tshaj lij kwv yees tias lub ntiaj teb yuav tsim 8-13 npaug ntawm lub hnub ci zog hauv 20 xyoo tom ntej dua li niaj hnub no.Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yuav tsuas yog ua kom muaj kev lag luam hnub ci.Yog li dab tsi yog qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no?Cia peb saib ntawm cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub uas yuav ua rau peb lub neej yav tom ntej.
1. Floating solar farms muab kev ua tau zoo dua yam tsis tau nqa av
Yog li hu ua floating photovoltaics yog qhov qub: Thawj hnub ci hnub ci ua liaj ua teb tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo 2000s.Txij thaum ntawd los, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev tau raug txhim kho thiab tam sim no lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tshiab technology tau txais kev vam meej - txog tam sim no, feem ntau hauv cov teb chaws Esxias.
Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm floating hnub ci ua liaj ua teb yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv txhua lub cev dej.Tus nqi ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag ntab PV yog piv rau qhov zoo sib xws hauv av-raws li kev teeb tsa.Dab tsi ntxiv, cov dej hauv qab PV modules txias rau lawv, yog li ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau tag nrho cov kab ke thiab txo qis zog pov tseg.Floating solar panels feem ntau ua tau 5-10% zoo dua li kev teeb tsa hauv av.
Tuam Tshoj, Is Nrias teb thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb muaj lub hnub ci ua liaj ua teb loj tshaj plaws, tab sis tam sim no qhov loj tshaj plaws tau tsim hauv Singapore.Qhov no ua rau muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau lub tebchaws no: nws muaj qhov chaw me me uas tsoomfwv yuav siv txhua lub sijhawm los siv nws cov peev txheej dej.
Floatovoltaics tseem tab tom pib ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv Tebchaws Meskas.Cov tub rog Asmeskas tau pib ua liaj ua teb ntab dej ntawm Big Muddy Lake ntawm Fort Bragg, North Carolina, thaum Lub Rau Hli 2022. Qhov no 1.1 megawatt ntab hnub ci ua liaj ua teb muaj 2 megawatt teev lub peev xwm cia.Cov roj teeb no yuav siv zog rau Camp McCall thaum muaj hluav taws xob poob.
2. BIPV hnub ci tshuab ua rau cov vaj tsev nyob ruaj khov
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb yuav tsis txhim kho lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag ntawm lub ru tsev rau lub tsev fais fab - lawv yuav yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lawv txoj cai.Lub Tsev Sib Koom Tes Photovoltaic (BIPV) thev naus laus zis tau siv lub hnub ci los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas yuav dhau los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau lub chaw ua haujlwm lossis lub tsev ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej.Hauv luv luv, BIPV thev naus laus zis tso cai rau cov tswv tsev kom txuag tau cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab tom qab ntawd tus nqi ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag mounting systems.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog hais txog kev hloov cov phab ntsa thiab qhov rais nrog cov panels thiab tsim "cov thawv ua haujlwm".Lub hnub ci ntsiab lus yuav tsum sib xyaw ua ke thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm thiab ua neej nyob.Piv txwv li, photovoltaic iav zoo li iav zoo tib yam, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws sau tag nrho lub zog ntawm lub hnub.
Txawm hais tias BIPV thev naus laus zis tau rov qab mus rau xyoo 1970, nws tsis tau tawg mus txog thaum tsis ntev los no: hnub ci cov ntsiab lus tau nkag mus tau yooj yim dua, siv tau zoo dua thiab muaj dav dua.Ua raws li qhov sib txawv, qee tus tswv tsev ua haujlwm tau pib koom ua ke PV cov ntsiab lus rau hauv lawv cov tsev uas twb muaj lawm.Qhov no yog hu ua tsev thov PV.Kev tsim vaj tsev nrog lub zog tshaj plaws BIPV hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tau dhau los ua kev sib tw ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam.Obviously, qhov ntsuab koj lub lag luam yog, qhov zoo dua nws cov duab yuav zoo.Nws zoo li Asia Clean Capital (ACC) tau yeej qhov khoom plig nrog nws lub peev xwm 19MW teeb tsa ntawm lub chaw nres nkoj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Suav teb.
3. Cov tawv nqaij hnub ci tig panels rau hauv qhov chaw tshaj tawm
Lub hnub ci ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib qho wrapper nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag uas tso cai rau lub module tswj nws cov efficiency thiab tso saib txhua yam ntawm nws.Yog tias koj tsis nyiam lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag ntawm koj lub ru tsev lossis phab ntsa, qhov tshiab RV thev naus laus zis tso cai rau koj nkaum lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag - tsuas yog xaiv cov duab tsim nyog, xws li lub ru tsev pobzeb lossis cov nyom.
Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tsis yog hais txog kev zoo nkauj xwb, nws tseem hais txog cov txiaj ntsig: cov lag luam tuaj yeem tig lawv lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag rau hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm.Cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem hloov kho kom lawv tso saib, piv txwv li, lub tuam txhab logo lossis cov khoom tshiab ntawm kev ua lag luam.Dab tsi ntxiv, hnub ci tawv muab rau koj xaiv los saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj cov modules.Lub downside yog tus nqi: rau hnub ci nyias-zaj duab xis tawv tawv, koj yuav tsum them 10% ntxiv rau saum lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nqi.Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev siv tshuab hnub ci ntawm daim tawv nqaij txhim kho ntxiv, qhov ntau peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias tus nqi yuav poob.
4. Hnub ci ntaub tso cai rau koj lub tsho T-shirt kom them koj lub xov tooj
Feem ntau ntawm cov hnub ci kev tsim kho tshiab tshaj plaws los ntawm Asia.Yog li nws tsis xav tsis thoob tias Japanese engineers yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov hnub ci ntaub.Tam sim no peb tau muab lub hnub ci rau hauv cov tsev, vim li cas ho tsis ua tib yam rau cov ntaub?Hnub ci ntaub tuaj yeem siv los ua khaub ncaws, tsev pheeb suab ntaub, ntaub: ib yam li cov panels, nws ntes cov hnub ci hluav taws xob thiab tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm nws.
Qhov ua tau rau kev siv hnub ci ntaub yog qhov kawg.Hnub ci filaments yog woven rau hauv textiles, yog li koj tuaj yeem yooj yim quav thiab qhwv lawv nyob ib ncig ntawm txhua yam.Xav txog tias koj muaj lub xov tooj smartphone ua los ntawm hnub ci ntaub.Tom qab ntawd, tsuas yog pw ntawm lub rooj hauv lub hnub thiab koj lub smartphone yuav raug them.Hauv kev xav, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim qhwv lub ru tsev ntawm koj lub tsev hauv hnub ci ntaub.Cov ntaub no yuav tsim lub hnub ci zog ib yam li cov panels, tab sis koj yuav tsis tau them nyiaj rau kev teeb tsa.Ntawm chav kawm, lub zog tso zis ntawm tus qauv hnub ci vaj huam sib luag ntawm lub ru tsev tseem siab dua li ntawm hnub ci ntaub.
5. Hnub ci lub suab teeb tsa tig lub suab nrov ntawm txoj kev loj mus rau lub zog ntsuab
Hnub ci-powered suab nrov teeb meem (PVNB) twb tau siv dav hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab tab tom pib tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab.Lub tswv yim yog qhov yooj yim: tsim cov suab nrov los tiv thaiv cov neeg hauv nroog thiab cov zos los ntawm kev loj tsheb suab nrov.Lawv muab thaj chaw loj, thiab kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm nws, engineers tuaj nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev ntxiv lub hnub ci rau lawv.Thawj PVNB tau tshwm sim hauv Switzerland xyoo 1989, thiab tam sim no txoj kev loj tshaj plaws uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws ntawm PVNBs yog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv 18 teeb meem tau teeb tsa hauv 2017. Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kev tsim kho ntawm cov teeb meem no tsis tau pib txog ob peb xyoos. dhau los, tab sis tam sim no peb cia siab tias yuav pom lawv hauv txhua lub xeev.
Tus nqi-zoo ntawm photovoltaic suab teeb meem yog tam sim no questionable, nyob ntawm seb nyob rau hauv loj ib feem ntawm lub hnub ci lub sij hawm ntxiv, tus nqi ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam thiab tsoom fwv incentives rau renewable zog.Kev ua haujlwm ntawm photovoltaic modules yog nce thaum tus nqi qis.Qhov no yog dab tsi ua rau lub hnub ci-powered tsheb khiav suab nrov barriers nce txaus nyiam.