Lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic off-grid tsis nyob ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej, thiab siv dav hauv thaj chaw thaj tsam roob, thaj chaw tsis muaj hluav taws xob, Islands tuaj, kev sib txuas lus hauv paus chaw nres tsheb thiab teeb pom kev thiab lwm yam kev siv, siv photovoltaic fais fab kev daws teeb meem. cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob, tsis muaj hluav taws xob thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob, cov tsev kawm ntawv lossis cov chaw tsim khoom me me rau kev nyob thiab ua haujlwm hluav taws xob, photovoltaic fais fab fais fab nrog qhov zoo ntawm kev lag luam, huv si, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, tsis muaj suab nrov tuaj yeem hloov pauv lossis hloov tag nrho cov roj hluav taws xob. tiam muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub generator.

1 PV off-grid power generation system faib thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg
Photovoltaic off-daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob feem ntau muab faib ua DC me me, me me thiab nruab nrab tawm-daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, thiab loj tawm-daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob.Qhov me me DC system yog tsuas yog los daws cov teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob;me me thiab nruab nrab off-grid system yog tsuas yog los daws cov kev xav tau hluav taws xob ntawm cov tsev neeg, tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov chaw tsim khoom me;qhov loj off-grid system yog tsuas yog los daws cov kev xav tau ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov zos thiab Islands tuaj, thiab qhov system no tam sim no tseem nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm micro-grid system.
Photovoltaic off-grid fais fab tuag system feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm photovoltaic arrays ua los ntawm hnub ci modules, hnub ci controllers, inverters, roj teeb bank, loads, thiab lwm yam.
PV array hloov lub hnub ci zog rau hauv hluav taws xob thaum muaj teeb pom kev zoo, thiab muab lub zog rau kev thauj khoom los ntawm lub hnub ci maub los thiab inverter (los yog lub tshuab hloov pauv), thaum them lub roj teeb pob;Thaum tsis muaj lub teeb, lub roj teeb muab lub zog rau AC load los ntawm inverter.
2 PV off-grid fais fab tuag qhov system cov khoom tseem ceeb
01. Module
Photovoltaic module yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm off-grid photovoltaic fais fab kev tsim hluav taws xob, uas nws lub luag hauj lwm yog los hloov lub hnub lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau DC lub zog hluav taws xob.Irradiation yam ntxwv thiab kub yam ntxwv yog ob lub ntsiab tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm module.
02, Inverter
Inverter yog ib qho khoom siv uas hloov tam sim no ncaj qha (DC) mus rau qhov hloov pauv tam sim no (AC) kom tau raws li lub zog xav tau ntawm AC loads.
Raws li cov zis waveform, inverters tuaj yeem muab faib ua square yoj inverter, kauj ruam yoj inverter, thiab sine yoj inverter.Sine yoj inverters yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, tsis tshua muaj kev sib haum xeeb, tuaj yeem siv rau txhua hom kev thauj khoom, thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tau zoo rau inductive lossis capacitive loads.
03 、 Tswj
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PV maub los yog tswj thiab tswj DC lub zog tawm los ntawm PV modules thiab tswj kev them nyiaj thiab tawm ntawm lub roj teeb ntse.Off-grid systems yuav tsum tau teeb tsa raws li qhov system's DC voltage theem thiab lub zog muaj peev xwm nrog qhov tsim nyog ntawm PV maub los.PV maub los tau muab faib ua PWM hom thiab MPPT hom, feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm DC12V, 24V thiab 48V.
04, Roj teeb
Lub roj teeb yog lub zog cia khoom ntawm lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, thiab nws lub luag haujlwm yog khaws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tawm los ntawm PV module los muab lub zog rau cov khoom thauj thaum lub sijhawm siv hluav taws xob.
05. Kev soj ntsuam
3 kev tsim qauv thiab kev xaiv cov ntsiab lus tsim qauv: txhawm rau xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom thauj khoom yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov hluav taws xob, nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm photovoltaic modules thiab roj teeb muaj peev xwm, txhawm rau txo kev nqis peev.
01, Photovoltaic module tsim
Reference formula: P0 = (P × t × Q) / (η1 × T) formula: P0 – lub ncov zog ntawm lub hnub ci cell module, unit Wp;P - lub hwj chim ntawm lub load, unit W;t - lub sij hawm txhua hnub ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev thauj khoom, chav H;η1 - yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov system;T - lub zos nruab nrab nruab nrab hnub ci hnub ci teev, chav tsev HQ- - lub sijhawm huab cua tsis tu ncua (feem ntau 1.2 txog 2)
02, PV maub los tsim
Reference formula: I = P0 / V
Qhov twg: I - PV maub los tswj tam sim no, chav A;P0 - lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hnub ci cell module, chav tsev Wp;V - qhov ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub roj teeb pob, chav tsev V ★ Lus Cim: Hauv qhov chaw siab siab, PV maub los yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj qhov loj me thiab txo lub peev xwm siv.
03, Off-grid inverter
Cov qauv siv: Pn = (P * Q) / Cosθ Hauv cov qauv: Pn - lub peev xwm ntawm inverter, unit VA;P - lub hwj chim ntawm lub load, unit W;Cosθ - lub zog ntawm lub inverter (feem ntau 0.8);Q - qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau lub inverter (feem ntau xaiv los ntawm 1 txog 5).★Note: a.Cov khoom sib txawv (resistive, inductive, capacitive) muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov pib inrush tam sim no thiab cov paj sib txawv.b.Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj, lub inverter yuav tsum tau ua kom ib tug tej yam margin thiab txo lub peev xwm rau siv.
04 、 Lead-acid roj teeb
Reference formula: C = P × t × T / (V × K × η2) formula: C – lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb pob, unit Ah;P - lub hwj chim ntawm lub load, unit W;t - lub load txhua hnub ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob, chav H;V - qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub roj teeb pob, chav tsev V;K - qhov tso tawm coefficient ntawm lub roj teeb, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub roj teeb efficiency, qhov tob ntawm paug, ambient kub, thiab influencing yam, feem ntau coj li 0.4 mus rau 0.7;η2 -inverter efficiency;T - tus naj npawb ntawm cov hnub huab cua sib law liag.
04, Lithium-ion roj teeb
Reference formula: C = P × t × T / (K × η2)
Qhov twg: C - lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb pob, chav tsev kWh;P - lub hwj chim ntawm lub load, unit W;t - pes tsawg teev hluav taws xob siv los ntawm kev thauj khoom ib hnub, chav H;K - tso tawm coefficient ntawm lub roj teeb, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub roj teeb efficiency, qhov tob ntawm paug, ambient kub thiab influencing yam, feem ntau coj li 0.8 mus rau 0.9;η2 -inverter efficiency;T - tus naj npawb ntawm cov hnub huab cua sib law liag.Tsim Case
Ib tus neeg siv khoom uas twb muaj lawm xav tau tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic, lub hauv paus nruab nrab nruab nrab hnub ci hnub ci teev nyob hauv cheeb tsam raug xam raws li 3 teev, lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov teeb fluorescent yog ze rau 5KW, thiab lawv siv 4 teev hauv ib hnub, thiab cov hlau lead. -acid roj teeb raug xam raws li 2 hnub ntawm cov huab cua tsis tu ncua.Xam cov configuration ntawm no system.