"Mphamvu ya dzuwa imakhala mfumu yamagetsi," inatero International Energy Agency mu lipoti lake la 2020.Akatswiri a IEA amalosera kuti dziko lapansi lidzapanga mphamvu za 8-13 zowonjezera mphamvu za dzuwa m'zaka 20 zikubwerazi kuposa masiku ano.Ukadaulo watsopano wa solar udzangowonjezera kukwera kwamakampani oyendera dzuwa.Ndiye kodi zatsopanozi ndi zotani?Tiyeni tiwone umisiri wotsogola wa dzuŵa womwe ungasinthe tsogolo lathu.
1. Mafamu oyandama oyendera dzuwa amapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba osatenga malo
Zomwe zimatchedwa ma photovoltais oyandama ndi akale: Mafamu oyandama oyambira dzuwa adawonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 2000.Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mfundo yomangayi yakhala ikuwongoleredwa ndipo tsopano teknoloji yatsopano ya solar panel ikusangalala kwambiri - mpaka pano, makamaka m'mayiko aku Asia.
Ubwino waukulu wamafamu oyandama adzuwa ndikuti amatha kukhazikitsidwa pafupifupi pamadzi aliwonse.Mtengo wa gulu loyandama la PV ndi wofanana ndi kuyika kwapamtunda komweko.Kuonjezera apo, madzi omwe ali pansi pa ma PV modules amawaziziritsa, motero amabweretsa mphamvu zambiri pa dongosolo lonse ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zowonongeka.Ma solar oyandama oyandama nthawi zambiri amachita bwino 5-10% kuposa kukhazikitsa kwapadziko lapansi.
China, India ndi South Korea ali ndi minda yayikulu yoyandama yoyendera dzuwa, koma yayikulu kwambiri ikumangidwa ku Singapore.Izi ndi zomveka kwa dziko lino: lili ndi malo ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti boma litenga mwayi uliwonse kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ake.
Floatovoltaics yayambanso kuyambitsa chipwirikiti ku United States.Asitikali ankhondo aku US adakhazikitsa famu yoyandama pa Big Muddy Lake ku Fort Bragg, North Carolina, mu Juni 2022. Famuyi yoyandama ya 1.1 megawati yoyendera dzuwa ili ndi ma megawati 2 maola osungira mphamvu.Mabatirewa adzapatsa mphamvu Camp McCall panthawi yamagetsi.
2. Ukadaulo wa solar wa BIPV umapangitsa nyumba kukhala zokhazikika
M'tsogolomu, sitidzayikanso mapanelo adzuwa padenga la nyumba zopangira magetsi - adzakhala majenereta okha.Ukadaulo wa Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) cholinga chake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu za solar monga zida zomangira zomwe zidzakhale magetsi kuofesi kapena nyumba yamtsogolo.Mwachidule, ukadaulo wa BIPV umalola eni nyumba kuti asunge ndalama zamagetsi ndipo pambuyo pake pamtengo wamakina oyika ma solar.
Komabe, izi sizokhudza kusintha makoma ndi mazenera ndi mapanelo ndikupanga "mabokosi a ntchito".Zinthu za dzuwa ziyenera kusakanikirana mwachibadwa osati kusokoneza momwe anthu amagwirira ntchito ndi moyo.Mwachitsanzo, galasi la photovoltaic limawoneka ngati galasi wamba, koma nthawi yomweyo limasonkhanitsa mphamvu zonse kuchokera ku dzuwa.
Ngakhale ukadaulo wa BIPV unayamba m'ma 1970, sunaphulike mpaka posachedwapa: zinthu zoyendera dzuwa zayamba kupezeka, zogwira mtima komanso zopezeka kwambiri.Potsatira mchitidwewu, eni nyumba ena okhala ndi maofesi ayamba kuphatikizira zida za PV m'nyumba zomwe zilipo kale.Izi zimatchedwa kumanga ntchito PV.Kumanga nyumba zokhala ndi makina amphamvu kwambiri a solar a BIPV kwakhala mpikisano pakati pa amalonda.Mwachiwonekere, bizinesi yanu ikakhala yobiriwira, chithunzi chake chidzakhala bwino.Zikuwoneka kuti Asia Clean Capital (ACC) yapambana mpikisano ndi mphamvu yake yoyika 19MW pamalo ochitira zombo kum'mawa kwa China.
3. Zikopa za dzuwa zimatembenuza mapanelo kukhala malo otsatsa
Khungu la dzuwa ndilovala mozungulira solar panel yomwe imalola kuti module ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino ndikuwonetsa chilichonse.Ngati simukonda maonekedwe a mapanelo adzuwa padenga kapena makoma anu, ukadaulo wa RV uwu umakupatsani mwayi wobisa ma solar - ingosankhani chithunzi choyenera, monga matailosi padenga kapena kapinga.
Ukadaulo watsopano sungokhudza zokongoletsa zokha, komanso za phindu: mabizinesi amatha kusintha makina awo a solar kukhala zikwangwani zotsatsa.Zikopa zimatha kusinthidwa kuti ziwonetse, mwachitsanzo, chizindikiro cha kampani kapena chinthu chatsopano pamsika.Kuphatikiza apo, zikopa za dzuwa zimakupatsani mwayi wowunika momwe ma module anu amagwirira ntchito.Choyipa chake ndi mtengo wake: pazikopa zamakanema a solar, muyenera kulipira 10% yochulukirapo pamwamba pa mtengo wa solar.Komabe, monga luso la khungu la dzuwa likukulirakulira, m'pamenenso tingayembekezere kuti mtengo utsike.
4. Nsalu zoyendera dzuwa zimalola T-sheti yanu kuti izilipiritsa foni yanu
Zambiri zaposachedwa kwambiri za solar zimachokera ku Asia.Choncho n’zosadabwitsa kuti akatswiri a ku Japan ndi amene ali ndi udindo wopanga nsalu za dzuwa.Tsopano popeza taphatikiza ma cell a dzuwa kukhala nyumba, bwanji osapanganso nsalu?Nsalu za Dzuwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zovala, mahema, makatani: monga mapanelo, imagwira ma radiation adzuwa ndikupanga magetsi kuchokera pamenepo.
Mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito nsalu za dzuwa ndi zopanda malire.Ma solar filaments amalukidwa kukhala nsalu, kotero mutha kukulunga ndikuzikulunga mozungulira chilichonse.Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi foni yam'manja yopangidwa ndi nsalu ya dzuwa.Kenako, ingogona patebulo padzuwa ndipo foni yamakono yanu idzaperekedwa.Mwachidziwitso, mutha kungokulunga denga la nyumba yanu ndi nsalu za solar.Nsalu iyi ipanga mphamvu ya dzuwa ngati mapanelo, koma simudzayenera kulipira poyikira.Zoonadi, mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya solar panel yokhazikika padenga ikadali yoposa ya nsalu ya dzuwa.
5. Zolepheretsa phokoso la dzuwa zimatembenuza phokoso la msewu kukhala mphamvu yobiriwira
Zotchinga zamphamvu za solar-powered noise barriers (PVNB) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ku Europe ndipo zayamba kuwonekeranso ku United States.Lingaliro ndi losavuta: pangani zotchingira phokoso kuti muteteze anthu m'matauni ndi m'midzi kuphokoso lamisewu yayikulu.Amapereka malo akuluakulu, ndipo kuti apindule nawo, mainjiniya adapeza lingaliro lowonjezera mphamvu ya dzuwa kwa iwo.PVNB yoyamba inawonekera ku Switzerland mu 1989, ndipo tsopano msewu waufulu wokhala ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha PVNB uli ku Germany, kumene zolemba za 18 zinayikidwa mu 2017. Ku United States, kumanga zotchinga zoterezi sikunayambe mpaka zaka zingapo. kale, koma tsopano tikuyembekezera kuwawona m'madera onse.
Mtengo wa zolepheretsa phokoso la photovoltaic panopa ndi zokayikitsa, malingana ndi gawo lalikulu la mtundu wa solar element yowonjezera, mtengo wamagetsi m'derali ndi zolimbikitsa boma za mphamvu zowonjezereka.Kuchita bwino kwa ma module a photovoltaic kukuwonjezeka pamene mtengo ukuchepa.Izi ndi zomwe zikupangitsa kuti phokoso la magalimoto oyendera dzuwa likhale lokongola kwambiri.