Ngokukhuthazwa kwemboni ye-photovoltaic, namhlanje abantu abaninzi bafake i-photovoltaic kwiiphahla zabo, kodwa kutheni ukufakwa kwesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic kwi-rooftop singenakubalwa ngendawo?Ngaba uyazi kangakanani malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic?
Ukufakwa kwesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic sophahla kutheni singenakubalwa ngendawo?
Isikhululo samandla e-Photovoltaic sibalwa ngama-watts (W), ii-watts ngumthamo ofakiweyo, kungekhona ngokwendawo yokubala.Kodwa umthamo ofakiweyo kunye nommandla nawo unxulumene.
Ngenxa yokuba ngoku imarike yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic ihlukaniswe kwiintlobo ezintathu: iimodyuli ze-amorphous silicon photovoltaic;iimodyuli ze-polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic;iimodyuli ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline ze-photovoltaic, nazo ziyinxalenye ephambili yokuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic.
Imodyuli ye-amorphous silicon photovoltaic
Imodyuli ye-amorphous yesilicon ye-photovoltaic kwisikwere kuphela ubukhulu be-78W kuphela, incinci kuphela malunga ne-50W.
Iimpawu: indawo enkulu yeenyawo, eethe-ethe, uguqulo oluphantsi, ukuthuthwa okungakhuselekanga, ukubola ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ukukhanya okuphantsi kungcono.

Imodyuli ye-polycrystalline silicon ye-photovoltaic
Iimodyuli ze-polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic ngokwemitha yesikwere amandla ngoku axhaphake kakhulu kwimarike 260W, 265W, 270W, 275W
Iimpawu: ukunciphisa kancinci, ubomi benkonzo ende xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso lemodyuli ye-monocrystalline photovoltaic ukuze ube nenzuzo, kwakhona ngoku ngakumbi kwimarike a.Le tshathi ilandelayo:

I-Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic
I-Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module market amandla aqhelekileyo kwi-280W, 285W, 290W, 295W indawo malunga ne-1.63 square metres.
Iimpawu: ngokumalunga ne-polycrystalline silicon elinganayo yendawo yokuguqula indawo encinci, indleko yekhosi, kuneendleko zeemodyuli ze-polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic ukuya phezulu, ubomi benkonzo kunye neemodyuli ze-polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic ngokusisiseko ziyafana.

Emva kohlalutyo oluthile, kufuneka siqonde ubungakanani beemodyuli ezahlukeneyo ze-photovoltaic.Kodwa umthamo ofakiweyo kunye nommandla wophahla nawo unxulumene kakhulu, ukuba ufuna ukubala uphahla lwabo lunokufakelwa ukuba lukhulu kangakanani inkqubo, okokuqala, ukuqonda uphahla lwabo luloluphi uhlobo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindidi ezintathu zophahla apho ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic kufakwe khona: uphahla lwentsimbi yombala, uphahla lwezitena kunye neethayile, kunye nophahla lwekhonkrithi olusicaba.Uphahla luhluke, ukufakwa kwezityalo zamandla e-photovoltaic zihluke, kwaye indawo yombane efakwe kuyo ihluke.

Uphahla lwethayile yentsimbi enombala
Kwisakhiwo sentsimbi yokufakwa kwe-tile yombala wentsimbi yophahla lwesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic, ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela kwicala elisezantsi elijongene nokufakelwa kweemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, umlinganiselo wokubeka i-kilowatt eyi-1 ibalwa kumphezulu we-10 square metres, oko kukuthi, i-megawatt eyi-1 (1 megawatt = 1,000 kilowatts) iprojekthi ifuna ukusetyenziswa kommandla we-10,000 square metres.

Uphahla lwesakhiwo sezitena
Kwisakhiwo sezitena ukufakwa kophahla lwesikhululo samandla e-photovoltaic, ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kukhetha ngo-08: 00-16: 00 akukho ndawo yophahla lomthunzi owenziwe ngeemodyuli ze-photovoltaic, nangona indlela yokufakela ihluke kuphahla lwensimbi yombala, kodwa umlinganiselo wokubeka ufana. kwakhona 1 kilowatt kubalwa indawo malunga 10 square metres.

Uphahla lwekhonkrithi olucwangcisiweyo
Ukufakela isityalo samandla se-PV kuphahla olusicaba, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba iimodyuli zifumana ukukhanya kwelanga kangangoko kunokwenzeka, i-angle ye-horizontal tilt idinga ukuyilwa, ngoko ke isithuba esithile siyafuneka phakathi komqolo ngamnye weemodyuli ukuqinisekisa ukuba azikho. ikhuselwe yimithunzi yomqolo wangaphambili weemodyuli.Ngoko ke, indawo ephahleni ehlala kuyo yonke iprojekthi iya kuba nkulu kunombala weetayili zensimbi kunye nophahla lwe-villa apho iimodyuli zingabekwa khona.

Ngaba indleko esebenzayo yokufakela ikhaya kwaye ingafakelwa?
Ngoku iprojekthi yokuvelisa amandla e-PV ixhaswa ngamandla ngurhulumente, kwaye inika umgaqo-nkqubo ohambelanayo wokunika inkxaso kuwo wonke umbane oveliswa ngumsebenzisi.Umgaqo-nkqubo wenkxaso ethile nceda uye kwiziko lamandla lendawo ukuze uqonde.
WM, oko kukuthi, iimegawathi.
I-1 MW = 1000000 watts 100MW = 100000000W = 100000 kilowatts = 100,000 yeekilowathi 100 MW iyunithi yiyunithi ye-100,000 yeekilowatts.
I-W (watt) yiyunithi yamandla, i-Wp yiyunithi esisiseko yebhetri okanye isikhululo samandla okuvelisa umbane, isishunqulelo se-W (amandla), intsingiselo yesiTshayina ukuba intsingiselo yokuvelisa amandla.
I-MWp yiyunithi ye-megawatt (amandla), i-KWp yiyunithi ye-kilowatt (amandla).

Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-Photovoltaic: Sihlala sisebenzisa i-W, MW, i-GW ukuchaza umthamo ofakiweyo wezityalo zamandla ze-PV, kunye nobudlelwane bokuguqulwa phakathi kwabo bulolu hlobo lulandelayo.
1GW=1000MW
1MW=1000KW
1KW=1000W
Kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, sijwayele ukusebenzisa "idigri" ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kombane, kodwa eneneni inegama elihle kakhulu elithi "kilowatt ngeyure (kW-h)".
Igama elipheleleyo elithi "watt" (W) nguWatt, elithiywe ngegama lomqambi waseBritani uJames Watt.

UJames Watt wenza injini yokuqala yomphunga ngo-1776, evula ixesha elitsha ekusebenziseni amandla kunye nokuzisa uluntu kwi "Age of Steam".Ukuze kukhunjulwe lo mqambi mkhulu, kamva abantu babeka iyunithi yamandla njenge "watt" (efinyeziweyo njenge "watt", isimboli W).

Thatha ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla njengomzekelo
I-kilowathi enye yombane = i-kilowathi yeyure e-1, oko kukuthi, ikhilowathi e-1 yezixhobo zombane ezisetyenziswa kumthwalo opheleleyo ngeyure e-1, kanye iqondo eli-1 lombane elisetyenzisiweyo.
Ifomula yile: amandla (kW) x ixesha (iiyure) = izidanga (kW ngeyure)
Njengomzekelo: isixhobo se-500-watt ekhaya, njengomatshini wokuhlamba, amandla eyure ye-1 yokusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo = 500/1000 x 1 = 0.5 degrees.
Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i-1kW PV system yenza umndilili we-3.2kW-h ngosuku ukuze iqhube ezi zixhobo zilandelayo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo:
30W ibhalbhu yombane iiyure eziyi-106;I-laptop ye-50W iiyure ezingama-64;I-TV ye-100W kwiiyure ze-32;Ifriji ye-100W kwiiyure ze-32.

Yintoni amandla ombane?
Umsebenzi owenziwe ngumsinga kwiyunithi yexesha ubizwa ngokuba ngumbane wombane;apho ixesha leyunithi yimizuzwana (s), umsebenzi owenziweyo ngamandla ombane.Amandla ombane sisixa somzimba esichaza ukukhawuleza okanye ukucotha umsinga osebenzayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ubukhulu bomthamo wezinto ezibizwa ngokuba zizixhobo zombane, ngokuqhelekileyo zibhekisela kubungakanani bamandla ombane, uthe ukukwazi kwezixhobo zombane yenza umsebenzi kwiyunithi yexesha.
Ukuba awuqondi kakuhle, ngoko umzekelo: umsinga uthelekiswa nokuhamba kwamanzi, ukuba unesitya esikhulu samanzi, ke usele ubunzima bamanzi ngumsebenzi wombane owenzayo;kwaye uchitha iyonke 10 imizuzwana ukusela, ke isixa amanzi ngomzuzwana kwakhona amandla ombane.
Ifomula yokubala amandla ombane

Ngokusebenzisa inkcazo esisiseko engentla yengcamango yamandla ombane kunye nesifaniso esenziwe ngumbhali, abantu abaninzi banokuthi bacinge ngefomula yamandla ombane;siqhubeka sithatha lo mzekelo ungentla wamanzi okusela ukubonakalisa: ekubeni iyonke imizuzwana eyi-10 ukusela isitya esikhulu samanzi, ngoko ke kwakhona kuthelekiswa nemizuzwana eyi-10 ukwenza umlinganiselo othile wamandla ombane, ngoko ifomula ibonakala, amandla ombane ahlulwe ngexesha, ixabiso lesiphumo sisixhobo samandla Amandla ombane.
Iiyunithi zamandla ombane
Ukuba unikel’ ingqalelo kule fomula ingasentla ye-P, ufanele ukuba sele uyazi ukuba igama lamandla ombane libonakaliswa kusetyenziswa unobumba ongu-P, kwaye iyunithi yamandla ombane ibonakaliswa ngo-W (watt, okanye watt).Masidibanise le fomula ingentla kunye ukuqonda ukuba i-watt enye yamandla ombane ivela njani:
Iwathi eyi-1 = 1 volt x 1 amp, okanye ishunqulelwe njenge-1W = 1V-A
Kubunjineli bombane, iiyunithi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zamandla ombane kunye neekilowathi (KW): 1 kilowatt (KW) = 1000 watts (W) = 103 watts (W), ukongeza, kushishino lomatshini ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa amahashe ukumela iyunithi yombane. amandla oh, amandla ehashe kunye nobudlelwane bokuguqula amandla ombane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-1 horsepower = 735.49875 watts, okanye i-kilowatt eyi-1 = 1.35962162 amandla eehashe;
Kubomi bethu kunye nokuveliswa kombane, iyunithi eqhelekileyo yamandla ombane yi "degrees" eziqhelekileyo, i-degree ye-1 yombane ukuba amandla ombane we-1 kilowatt asebenzise iyure eyi-1 (1h) esetyenziswa ngamandla ombane, oko kukuthi:
I-1 degree = 1 kilowatt - iyure
Ewe, nalu ulwazi olusisiseko malunga namandla ombane lugqityiwe, ndiyakholwa ukuba uqondile.